Precision Mapping: Harnessing Geographic Coordinates for Effective Identification of Aquaculture Ponds to Enhance Spatial Planning

Mangrove ecosystems are among the most carbon-dense forests on Earth and play a critical role in climate change mitigation, coastal protection, and biodiversity conservation. However, rapid expansion of coastal aquaculture—particularly shrimp farming—has led to widespread mangrove degradation, resulting in significant carbon emissions, habitat loss, and socioeconomic conflicts in coastal regions. This study emphasizes the importance of precision mapping for identifying and monitoring aquaculture ponds using accurate geographic coordinates to support effective Marine Spatial Planning (MSP). By integrating high-resolution satellite imagery, computer vision techniques, and georeferencing based on a top-left image reference point, the methodology enables precise extraction of pond centroids and spatial boundaries. Geographic Coordinate Systems (GCS) and Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projections are employed to ensure high spatial accuracy and facilitate robust spatial analysis, including temporal monitoring of pond lifespans and land-use transitions. The results demonstrate that detailed spatial and temporal data on aquaculture ponds can significantly enhance MSP by minimizing conflicts with sensitive ecosystems, supporting regulatory compliance, and guiding sustainable aquaculture development. Furthermore, this approach aids in identifying abandoned or low-productivity ponds suitable for mangrove restoration, contributing to blue carbon recovery and ecosystem resilience. Overall, the research highlights how coordinate-based precision mapping serves as a vital tool for sustainable coastal management, informed policymaking, and the integration of environmental conservation with socioeconomic development goals